一、高氫煉化尾氣氣體特點(diǎn)?

　　1、 Characteristics of high hydrogen refining tail gas?

　　在化工過程產(chǎn)生中會生產(chǎn)大量的可燃尾氣，同樣，采用垃圾處理設(shè)備裂解生活或工業(yè)垃圾時也產(chǎn)生含氫的廢氣，該可燃尾氣的特點(diǎn)：成分復(fù)雜、含氫量高、熱值低、易爆、處理成本高、利用難度大。

　　During the chemical process, a large amount of combustible exhaust gas is produced. Similarly, when using waste treatment equipment to crack household or industrial waste, hydrogen containing exhaust gas is also produced. The characteristics of this combustible exhaust gas include complex composition, high hydrogen content, low calorific value, explosiveness, high treatment cost, and difficult utilization.

　　在沒有選擇合適的應(yīng)用方式時，大部分的企業(yè)很多采用直接排空、火炬燃燒、燒鍋爐方式，這樣就造成了能源浪費(fèi)，同時企業(yè)可能會受到環(huán)保處罰并要求整改。二、高氫煉化尾氣發(fā)電機(jī)組針對煉化尾氣氣源，專門研制了利用該氣源的發(fā)電機(jī)組。針對燃?xì)庖谆鼗鸷捅鸬奶攸c(diǎn)，采用了全新的進(jìn)氣方式、排氣方式和空燃比控制方式，進(jìn)行了全新的設(shè)計(jì)并經(jīng)過耐久性試驗(yàn)。

　　Without selecting the appropriate application method, most enterprises adopt direct emptying, torch combustion, and boiler burning methods, which results in energy waste. At the same time, enterprises may be subject to environmental penalties and required to rectify. 2、 A high hydrogen refining tail gas generator set has been specially developed to utilize the refining tail gas source. In response to the characteristics of gas flashback and detonation, a new intake method, exhaust method, and air-fuel ratio control method have been adopted, and a new design has been carried out and durability tests have been conducted.

　　機(jī)組從安全性和利用效率兩方面解決了多年來對此類燃?xì)饫玫碾y題，廣泛應(yīng)用于焦?fàn)t煤氣、高爐煤氣、蘭炭氣、甲醇馳放氣、化工裂解氣、垃圾氣等各類煉化、垃圾處理等領(lǐng)域，開創(chuàng)了可燃煉化尾氣和垃圾裂解氣利用的新市場。

　　The unit has solved the long-standing problems in the utilization of this type of gas from both safety and utilization efficiency aspects, and has been widely used in various refining and waste treatment fields such as coke oven gas, blast furnace gas, blue charcoal gas, methanol release gas, chemical cracking gas, garbage gas, etc. It has opened up a new market for the utilization of combustible refining tail gas and garbage cracking gas.

　　按照尾氣中主要可燃成分區(qū)分，可分為兩種：一種以焦化尾氣、化工馳放氣為代表，其氣體中氫氣含量較高的（含氫氣高于30%直至100%，且其它可燃成分低于氫氣），可選用高氫燃?xì)鈾C(jī)組發(fā)電利用；一種是氫含量較少（含氫氣低于 30%，且其它可燃成分高于氫氣），可選用低氫燃?xì)鈾C(jī)組發(fā)電利用。

　　According to the main combustible components in exhaust gas, it can be divided into two types: one is represented by coking exhaust gas and chemical exhaust gas, which have a high hydrogen content in the gas (including hydrogen content higher than 30% to 100%, and other combustible components lower than hydrogen), and can be used for power generation with high hydrogen gas turbines; One option is to use low hydrogen gas turbines for power generation and utilization, as the hydrogen content is relatively low (with less than 30% hydrogen and other combustible components higher than hydrogen).

　　三、機(jī)組主要技術(shù)特點(diǎn)及安全性保證措施3.1進(jìn)氣隔離技術(shù)?采用燃?xì)夂涂諝飧綦x的進(jìn)氣技術(shù)，空氣經(jīng)增壓器壓氣后進(jìn)入左、右進(jìn)氣管，燃?xì)庥筛鞲兹細(xì)忾y獨(dú)立供氣?？諝夂腿?xì)庠谶M(jìn)入發(fā)動機(jī)缸內(nèi)混合，在進(jìn)氣管內(nèi)沒有空氣和燃?xì)獾幕旌先細(xì)?，防止了進(jìn)氣管的回火放炮，保證了進(jìn)氣系統(tǒng)的運(yùn)行安全。

　　3、 Main technical characteristics and safety assurance measures of the unit 3.1 Air intake isolation technology? The intake technology adopts gas and air isolation. The air is compressed by the supercharger and enters the left and right intake pipes. The gas is independently supplied by the gas valves of each cylinder. Air and gas mix when entering the engine cylinder, and there is no mixture of air and gas in the intake pipe, which prevents backfire and ensures the safe operation of the intake system.

　　3.2 純空氣掃氣技術(shù)采用純空氣對燃燒室掃氣的技術(shù)，避免了未燃燒的混合燃?xì)膺M(jìn)入排氣管，防止排氣管爆燃放炮，保證排氣系統(tǒng)、增壓器的運(yùn)行安全（在電站運(yùn)行現(xiàn)場，機(jī)組的運(yùn)行平穩(wěn)性及聲音和天然氣機(jī)組一樣）；

　　3.2 Pure air scavenging technology uses pure air to sweep the combustion chamber, avoiding unburned mixed gas from entering the exhaust pipe, preventing the exhaust pipe from exploding and firing, and ensuring the safe operation of the exhaust system and turbocharger (at the power plant operation site, the stability and sound of the unit are the same as natural gas units);

　　同時，由于只有空氣而沒有燃?xì)鈷邭?，減少了燃?xì)獾膿p失，提高了燃?xì)獍l(fā)電的利用效率。3.3 自動控制空燃比技術(shù)自動控制空燃比，確保機(jī)組運(yùn)行在最合理的空燃比范圍，保障機(jī)組穩(wěn)定運(yùn)行，減少人工的干預(yù)，同時提高了發(fā)動機(jī)的燃燒做功效率。

　　Meanwhile, due to the presence of only air without gas scavenging, the loss of gas is reduced and the utilization efficiency of gas-fired power generation is improved. 3.3 Automatic control air-fuel ratio technology automatically controls the air-fuel ratio to ensure that the unit operates within the most reasonable air-fuel ratio range, guarantees stable operation of the unit, reduces manual intervention, and improves the combustion efficiency of the engine.

　　3.4 抗爆震技術(shù)采用大能量點(diǎn)火系統(tǒng)、降低壓縮比、中冷技術(shù)和空燃比控制技術(shù)，抑制了氫氣的爆震。

　　3.4 Anti knock technology adopts high-energy ignition system, reduced compression ratio, intercooler technology, and air-fuel ratio control technology to suppress hydrogen detonation.

　　3.5 機(jī)組轉(zhuǎn)速機(jī)型轉(zhuǎn)速為 1000r/min，相對于 1500r/min 高速機(jī)，降低了機(jī)械部件的運(yùn)動沖擊，延長了機(jī)組的使用壽命，減少了配件消耗，保證了用戶長期運(yùn)行的效益。

　　The speed of the 3.5 unit model is 1000r/min. Compared to the 1500r/min high-speed machine, it reduces the motion impact of mechanical components, extends the service life of the unit, reduces accessory consumption, and ensures the long-term operation benefits of users.

　　3.6 機(jī)組自動化?機(jī)組自動化程度高，人工操作和維修強(qiáng)度低，運(yùn)行成本低。

　　3.6 Unit automation? The unit has a high degree of automation, low manual operation and maintenance intensity, and low operating costs.

　　3.7 電站廠房通風(fēng)設(shè)計(jì)及安全性保證發(fā)電機(jī)房安裝軸流風(fēng)機(jī)強(qiáng)制通風(fēng)，防止有毒氣體和可燃?xì)怏w在機(jī)房內(nèi)積聚;發(fā)電機(jī)房內(nèi)配置可燃?xì)怏w、有毒氣體報(bào)警裝置，與機(jī)房軸流風(fēng)機(jī)聯(lián)動，報(bào)警后觸發(fā)軸流風(fēng)機(jī)啟動進(jìn)行強(qiáng)制通風(fēng)，保證機(jī)房內(nèi)可燃?xì)怏w、有毒氣體含量不超標(biāo)，滿足安全要求。氫氣的密度是所有氣源中最低的，遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)低于空氣，在開放式空間其擴(kuò)散性非常好，因而，只要通風(fēng)設(shè)計(jì)合格，其安全性高于天然氣。

　　3.7 Ventilation design and safety assurance for power plant buildings: Install axial flow fans for forced ventilation in the generator room to prevent the accumulation of toxic and flammable gases in the room; The generator room is equipped with combustible gas and toxic gas alarm devices, which are linked with the axial flow fan in the machine room. After the alarm is triggered, the axial flow fan is started for forced ventilation to ensure that the combustible gas and toxic gas content in the machine room does not exceed the standard and meets safety requirements. The density of hydrogen is the lowest among all gas sources, far lower than that of air, and its diffusion is very good in open spaces. Therefore, as long as the ventilation design is qualified, its safety is higher than that of natural gas.

　　發(fā)動機(jī)設(shè)計(jì)有特殊的進(jìn)排氣結(jié)構(gòu)，發(fā)動機(jī)汽缸外沒有可燃混合燃?xì)?，由此保證了發(fā)動機(jī)的本質(zhì)安全。

　　The engine design has a special intake and exhaust structure, and there is no combustible mixed gas outside the engine cylinder, thereby ensuring the intrinsic safety of the engine.

　　四、氣體成分要求?高氫氣發(fā)電機(jī)組氣源要求：在距離機(jī)組燃?xì)膺M(jìn)氣調(diào)壓閥或機(jī)組配套壓縮機(jī)前 1m 內(nèi)：燃?xì)鈿鉁囟?10℃～40℃；壓力 0.20 MPa 至 0.30MPa,壓力變化速率≤1kPa/min；粉塵粒度≤5μm，粉塵含量≤30mg/Nm3；總硫含量≤400mg/Nm3，H2S≤200mg/Nm3；總水分含量≤40g/Nm3，無明顯游離水；NH3≤20mg/Nm3；焦油含量≤20mg/Nm3；苯含量≤4g/Nm3；萘含量≤100g/Nm3；總鹵素化合物含量≤100mg/Nm3；燃?xì)庵?H2 體積 含量≤100%、≥30%，熱值變化率≤5%/min。

　　4、 Gas composition requirements? Requirements for gas source of high hydrogen generator set: Within 1 meter in front of the gas inlet pressure regulating valve or the supporting compressor of the unit, the gas temperature should be between 10 ℃ and 40 ℃; Pressure ranging from 0.20 MPa to 0.30 MPa, with a pressure change rate of ≤ 1kPa/min; Dust particle size ≤ 5 μ m, dust content ≤ 30mg/Nm3; Total sulfur content ≤ 400mg/Nm3, H2S ≤ 200mg/Nm3; total moisture content ≤ 40g/Nm3, no obvious free water; NH3≤20mg/Nm3； Tar content ≤ 20mg/Nm3; Benzene content ≤ 4g/Nm3; Naphthalene content ≤ 100g/Nm3; Total halogen compound content ≤ 100mg/Nm3; The volume content of H2 in gas is ≤ 100%, ≥ 30%, and the rate of change in calorific value is ≤ 5%/min.

　　五、應(yīng)用案例工程山東某焦?fàn)t煤氣發(fā)電站，燃?xì)夂瑲錃?60%至 75%，電站采用10臺新設(shè)計(jì)的 500kW 氫氣發(fā)電機(jī)組來替換原有機(jī)組，發(fā)電效率提升到32%至35%，解決了機(jī)組回火放炮現(xiàn)象，提高了機(jī)組運(yùn)行的安全性。六、合作方式1、設(shè)備銷售? ? ? ?根據(jù)客戶氣源情況與能源需要，提供適應(yīng)氣源特性的發(fā)電機(jī)組及周邊設(shè)備，給用提供冷熱電等能源，減少用戶的能源支出，減少有害氣體的排放，為用戶創(chuàng)造價值。也可提供技術(shù)指導(dǎo)、運(yùn)行維護(hù)等服務(wù)。2、項(xiàng)目投資?由客戶提供氣源，我公司負(fù)責(zé)電站設(shè)計(jì)、建設(shè)、機(jī)組設(shè)備投資和電站運(yùn)維服務(wù)等。收益可根據(jù)具體投入情況進(jìn)行合理分配。3、改造升級?市場上運(yùn)行的煉化尾氣發(fā)電機(jī)組，大多采用老式預(yù)混合進(jìn)氣方式，存在以下問題：

　　5、 Application Case: A coke oven gas power station in Shandong Province, China, uses gas containing 60% to 75% hydrogen. The station replaces the original units with 10 newly designed 500kW hydrogen generator sets, increasing the power generation efficiency to 32% to 35%. This solves the problem of unit backfire and improves the safety of unit operation. 6、 Collaboration Method 1: Equipment Sales? Based on the customer's gas source situation and energy needs, we provide generator sets and peripheral equipment that are suitable for the characteristics of the gas source, and offer energy such as cooling, heating, and electricity to reduce the user's energy expenditure and emissions of harmful gases, creating value for the user. We can also provide technical guidance, operation and maintenance services. 2. Project investment? The customer provides the gas source, and our company is responsible for the design, construction, equipment investment, and operation and maintenance services of the power station. The income can be reasonably distributed according to the specific investment situation. 3. Upgrade and transform? Most of the refining exhaust gas generators operating in the market adopt the old-fashioned premixed intake method, which has the following problems:

　?。?）進(jìn)氣管充滿空氣和燃?xì)獾幕旌蠚猓菀自?成進(jìn)氣管回火放炮，無法保證進(jìn)氣系統(tǒng)的運(yùn)行安全；

　　(1) The intake pipe is filled with a mixture of air and gas, which can easily cause backfire and explosion of the intake pipe, and cannot guarantee the safe operation of the intake system;

　?。?）采用混合氣掃氣，混合燃?xì)膺M(jìn)入排氣管后，排氣管容易放炮，無法保證排氣系 統(tǒng)、增壓器的運(yùn)行安全；

　　(2) Using mixed gas scavenging, after the mixed gas enters the exhaust pipe, the exhaust pipe is prone to explosion, which cannot guarantee the safe operation of the exhaust system and turbocharger;

　　（3）由于采用混合燃?xì)鈷邭?，一部分燃?xì)?進(jìn)入了排氣系統(tǒng)，造成燃?xì)鈸p失，降低了發(fā)電效率，同時造成排氣溫度過高，縮短了排氣管、增壓器的使用壽命。針對已有電站的老式機(jī)組，提供改造方案，提升機(jī)組性能，保證機(jī)組運(yùn)行安全。同時，可提供技術(shù)指導(dǎo)、運(yùn)行維護(hù)等服務(wù)。

　　(3) Due to the use of mixed gas scavenging, a portion of the gas enters the exhaust system, causing gas loss and reducing power generation efficiency. At the same time, the exhaust temperature is too high, shortening the service life of the exhaust pipe and turbocharger. Provide renovation plans for outdated units in existing power stations to improve their performance and ensure safe operation. At the same time, it can provide technical guidance, operation and maintenance services.

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