機(jī)械故障

　　Mechanical malfunction

　　機(jī)械故障的排查應(yīng)該分系統(tǒng)排查，根據(jù)故障原因及數(shù)據(jù)分析確定哪個(gè)系統(tǒng)發(fā)生故障而導(dǎo)致的停機(jī)，如果是燃?xì)庀到y(tǒng)故障，則可能出現(xiàn)計(jì)量閥是否卡澀，在啟動(dòng)過(guò)程中計(jì)量閥的開(kāi)度會(huì)出現(xiàn)一個(gè)不停變化的過(guò)程，若此時(shí)計(jì)量閥未開(kāi)啟或保持某一數(shù)值則說(shuō)明計(jì)量閥已卡澀，需要立即維護(hù)或者更換；

　　The investigation of mechanical faults should be carried out systematically, and the system that caused the shutdown should be determined based on the cause of the fault and data analysis. If it is a gas system fault, there may be a blockage in the metering valve. During the start-up process, the opening of the metering valve will change continuously. If the metering valve does not open or maintain a certain value at this time, it indicates that the metering valve has become stuck and needs to be maintained or replaced immediately;

　　檢查節(jié)氣閥是否開(kāi)啟，由于機(jī)組的設(shè)計(jì)缺陷導(dǎo)致節(jié)氣閥距離渦輪增壓器的位置較近，長(zhǎng)期的高溫環(huán)境會(huì)引起節(jié)氣閥損壞，若啟動(dòng)過(guò)程中未發(fā)現(xiàn)節(jié)氣閥開(kāi)啟，則需要檢查維修，必要時(shí)更換節(jié)氣閥；檢查火花塞是否點(diǎn)火。

　　Check if the throttle valve is open. Due to design defects of the unit, the throttle valve is located close to the turbocharger, and long-term high temperature environment can cause damage to the throttle valve. If the throttle valve is not found to be open during the start-up process, it needs to be inspected and repaired, and if necessary, replaced; Check if the spark plug ignites.

　　長(zhǎng)期停機(jī)會(huì)導(dǎo)致機(jī)組燃燒室內(nèi)凝結(jié)水分附著在火花塞上，導(dǎo)致其不能順利點(diǎn)火。

　　Long term shutdown can cause condensed water in the combustion chamber of the unit to adhere to the spark plug, resulting in its inability to ignite smoothly.

　　觀(guān)察機(jī)組的排氣溫度情況，若發(fā)現(xiàn)某缸出現(xiàn)異常缸溫時(shí)，說(shuō)明此缸未點(diǎn)火或點(diǎn)火不正常，此時(shí)需要更換新火花塞，并將取下的火花塞烘干備用；

　　Observe the exhaust temperature of the unit. If abnormal cylinder temperature is found in a certain cylinder, it indicates that the cylinder has not been ignited or ignited abnormally. At this time, it is necessary to replace the spark plug with a new one and dry the removed spark plug for later use;

　　檢查氣門(mén)間隙是否合適。

　　Check if the valve clearance is appropriate.

　　取下機(jī)組搖臂室罩殼，用塞尺測(cè)量氣門(mén)間隙，將其間隙調(diào)整為進(jìn)氣側(cè)0.38mm±0.02 mm，排氣側(cè)1.12 mm±0.02 mm。

　　Remove the rocker arm chamber cover of the unit, measure the valve clearance with a feeler gauge, and adjust the clearance to 0.38mm ± 0.02 mm on the intake side and 1.12 mm ± 0.02 mm on the exhaust side.

　　運(yùn)行過(guò)程中出現(xiàn)水溫過(guò)高，則可能是冷卻系統(tǒng)出現(xiàn)故障，冷卻液不足導(dǎo)致?lián)Q熱不良；

　　If the water temperature is too high during operation, it may be due to a malfunction in the cooling system, where insufficient coolant leads to poor heat exchange;

　　散熱水箱風(fēng)扇故障，導(dǎo)致散熱不足，這時(shí)應(yīng)對(duì)故障的散熱水箱進(jìn)行修復(fù)；

　　The fan of the cooling water tank is malfunctioning, resulting in insufficient heat dissipation. In this case, the faulty cooling water tank should be repaired;

　　節(jié)溫器降溫效果不理想也可能引起水溫的升高，檢查節(jié)溫器，必要時(shí)進(jìn)行更換，中冷水溫度升高可能因?yàn)橹欣淦鞯亩氯斐裳h(huán)不暢，同時(shí)還會(huì)引起燃?xì)鉁囟壬叨鴮?dǎo)致的非正常燃燒停機(jī)。

　　Poor cooling effect of the thermostat may also cause an increase in water temperature. Check the thermostat and replace it if necessary. The increase in intercooler temperature may be caused by blockage, resulting in poor circulation and abnormal combustion shutdown due to gas temperature rise.

　　運(yùn)行過(guò)程中出現(xiàn)水壓升高，則可能是由于燃燒室密封不嚴(yán)，氣體進(jìn)入水循環(huán)系統(tǒng)，導(dǎo)致水壓異常升高，這時(shí)應(yīng)對(duì)氣缸蓋進(jìn)行缸壓測(cè)試，確定需要更換氣缸蓋。

　　If there is an increase in water pressure during operation, it may be due to poor sealing of the combustion chamber and gas entering the water circulation system, resulting in an abnormal increase in water pressure. At this time, a cylinder head pressure test should be conducted to determine the need to replace the cylinder head.

　　也可能是由于壓力傳感器異常導(dǎo)致；

　　It may also be caused by abnormal pressure sensors;

　　水壓降低可能是管路有滲漏的地方，應(yīng)檢查管路是否滲漏。

　　The decrease in water pressure may be due to leaks in the pipeline, and the pipeline should be checked for leaks.

　　運(yùn)行過(guò)程中機(jī)油溫度異常升高，可能是由于油冷器堵塞導(dǎo)致機(jī)油冷卻效果降低，也可能由于冷卻液密封老化或水腔開(kāi)裂導(dǎo)致冷卻液竄入機(jī)油后，經(jīng)機(jī)械攪拌使水和油混合后出現(xiàn)乳化，發(fā)現(xiàn)此情況應(yīng)立即更換機(jī)油、機(jī)濾并沖洗油路，否則乳化的機(jī)油會(huì)使機(jī)組發(fā)生更嚴(yán)重的事故，比如連桿、曲軸等因潤(rùn)滑不到位而出現(xiàn)故障。

　　The abnormal increase in oil temperature during operation may be due to blockage of the oil cooler, which reduces the cooling effect of the oil. It may also be due to aging of the coolant seal or cracking of the water chamber, causing the coolant to enter the oil and mix with water and oil through mechanical stirring, resulting in emulsification. If this situation is found, the oil, filter, and oil circuit should be replaced immediately. Otherwise, the emulsified oil will cause more serious accidents in the unit, such as connecting rods, crankshafts, etc., which may malfunction due to inadequate lubrication.

　　運(yùn)行過(guò)程中油壓異常升高，可能是由機(jī)油管路堵塞造成，應(yīng)檢查油冷器是否堵塞，檢查機(jī)組是否存在內(nèi)漏，燃?xì)庀到y(tǒng)是否因?yàn)槊芊獠粐?yán)導(dǎo)致有氣體進(jìn)入曲軸箱導(dǎo)致機(jī)油壓力升高。

　　During operation, the abnormal increase in oil pressure may be caused by blockage in the oil pipeline. It is necessary to check whether the oil cooler is blocked, whether there is internal leakage in the unit, and whether the gas system has gas entering the crankcase due to poor sealing, resulting in an increase in oil pressure.

　　機(jī)油傳感器異常導(dǎo)致機(jī)油壓力升高。

　　Abnormal oil sensor causes an increase in oil pressure.

　　應(yīng)檢查機(jī)油級(jí)別是否與使用條件相符。

　　The oil level should be checked to ensure it matches the usage conditions.

　　油壓降低機(jī)油濾芯太臟導(dǎo)致油壓損失大，機(jī)油管路有泄漏導(dǎo)致油壓降低，機(jī)油泵損壞或者機(jī)油泵端面密封不嚴(yán)導(dǎo)致泵油能力不足。

　　The decrease in oil pressure is caused by the dirty oil filter, resulting in significant oil pressure loss. Leakage in the oil pipeline leads to a decrease in oil pressure, and damage to the oil pump or inadequate sealing of the oil pump end face results in insufficient pumping capacity.

　　運(yùn)行過(guò)程中排溫過(guò)高多，是由空燃比調(diào)節(jié)不當(dāng)或進(jìn)氣量波動(dòng)引起的。

　　Excessive exhaust temperature during operation is caused by improper adjustment of air-fuel ratio or fluctuations in intake air volume.

　　發(fā)現(xiàn)排溫報(bào)警后，應(yīng)立即降低負(fù)荷并對(duì)燃?xì)鉄嶂禂?shù)值進(jìn)行修改，在調(diào)整過(guò)程中不應(yīng)變化過(guò)快，注意機(jī)組的負(fù)荷波動(dòng)及節(jié)氣閥的開(kāi)度配合，逐步將機(jī)組調(diào)整至最佳運(yùn)行工況，渦輪增壓器異常也會(huì)導(dǎo)致機(jī)組排溫多高，由于渦輪增壓器的出力不足導(dǎo)致廢氣不能完全排除，產(chǎn)生排溫過(guò)高的報(bào)警，此時(shí)應(yīng)對(duì)渦輪增壓器進(jìn)行維修。

　　After discovering the exhaust temperature alarm, the load should be immediately reduced and the gas calorific value value should be modified. During the adjustment process, it should not change too quickly. Pay attention to the load fluctuation of the unit and the coordination of the throttle valve opening. Gradually adjust the unit to the optimal operating condition. Abnormal turbocharger can also cause high exhaust temperature of the unit. Due to insufficient output of the turbocharger, the exhaust gas cannot be completely discharged, resulting in an alarm of high exhaust temperature. At this time, the turbocharger should be repaired.

　　運(yùn)行過(guò)程中機(jī)組發(fā)生二級(jí)或三級(jí)爆震，首先應(yīng)查看是否進(jìn)氣壓力過(guò)高導(dǎo)致發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)負(fù)載過(guò)高，此時(shí)應(yīng)通過(guò)預(yù)處理系統(tǒng)和調(diào)壓閥將進(jìn)氣壓力調(diào)整至 30kPa

　　During operation, if the unit experiences secondary or tertiary detonation, the first thing to check is whether the intake pressure is too high, causing the engine load to be too high. At this time, the intake pressure should be adjusted to 30kPa through the pre-treatment system and pressure regulating valve

　　附近。其次檢查是否由燃?xì)膺M(jìn)氣溫度過(guò)高引起爆震。

　　Nearby. Next, check if the detonation is caused by high gas intake temperature.

　　此時(shí)應(yīng)通過(guò)降低預(yù)處理出口燃?xì)鉁囟群蜋z查中冷水液位來(lái)確定是由哪個(gè)引起的燃?xì)鉁囟雀?，如果都正常則要考慮中冷器是否被堵塞。

　　At this point, the cause of the high gas temperature should be determined by reducing the pre-treatment outlet gas temperature and checking the intermediate cooling water level. If both are normal, it is necessary to consider whether the intermediate cooler is blocked.

　　燃燒室積碳也是引起爆震的主要原因，而發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)機(jī)油過(guò)滿(mǎn)引起內(nèi)部泄露在燃燒室內(nèi)形成沉淀物。

　　Carbon buildup in the combustion chamber is also a major cause of detonation, while excessive engine oil can lead to internal leakage and the formation of deposits in the combustion chamber.

　　使用管道內(nèi)孔探測(cè)鏡來(lái)檢查氣缸，主要檢查氣門(mén)座、氣門(mén)面、活塞沖程上限以上的氣缸壁、內(nèi)部機(jī)油泄露，如果發(fā)現(xiàn)過(guò)量沉淀物或有內(nèi)部泄露的現(xiàn)象，應(yīng)根據(jù)現(xiàn)場(chǎng)情況組織內(nèi)部修理。

　　Use a pipeline inner hole detection mirror to inspect the cylinder, mainly checking the valve seat, valve face, cylinder wall above the upper limit of piston stroke, and internal oil leakage. If excessive sediment or internal leakage is found, internal repairs should be organized according to the on-site situation.

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