維修燃氣發(fā)電機組故障的方法

　　Methods for repairing faults in gas generator sets

　　燃氣發(fā)電機組機油壓力不足或無壓力

　　Insufficient or no oil pressure in gas generator set

　　(1)故障現(xiàn)象。燃氣發(fā)電機組正常運行時機油壓力一般為0.25?0.5MPa(詳見隨機使用說明書)。若機油壓力低于規(guī)定的范圍或壓力表無壓力顯示，則應判斷為故障。

　　(1) Fault phenomenon. The oil pressure of a gas generator set during normal operation is generally 0.25? 0.5MPa (see the accompanying user manual for details). If the oil pressure is below the specified range or the pressure gauge shows no pressure, it should be judged as a fault.

　　(2)原因分析。機油壓力不足或無壓力主要是由于機油量不足、機油粘度太低及泄漏嚴重等引起的。

　　(2) Cause analysis. Insufficient or no oil pressure is mainly caused by insufficient oil volume, low oil viscosity, and severe leakage.

　?、贆C油壓力調(diào)節(jié)閥壓力調(diào)整得過低，調(diào)節(jié)彈簧彈力不足或損壞。

　?、?The pressure adjustment of the oil pressure regulating valve is too low, and the adjustment spring has insufficient or damaged elasticity.

　?、谟偷讱?nèi)機油油面太低，機油管接頭松脫或破裂而漏油。

　　② The oil level in the oil pan is too low, and the oil pipe joint is loose or broken, causing oil leakage.

　?、蹤C油粘度太低，或因漏入柴油、水使機油稀釋。

　?、?The viscosity of the engine oil is too low, or the engine oil is diluted due to leakage of diesel or water.

　?、軝C油冷卻器或機油濾清器堵塞，機油泵集濾器或吸油管堵塞。

　?、?The oil cooler or oil filter is blocked, and the oil pump collector or suction pipe is blocked.

　?、萑細獍l(fā)電機組各潤滑部位配合間隙過大，漏油嚴重。

　?、?The clearance between the lubrication parts of the gas generator set is too large, resulting in serious oil leakage.

　?、迿C油泵齒輪磨損嚴重或裝配不符合要求，使?jié)櫥到y(tǒng)中機油供應不足。

　　⑥ The oil pump gear is severely worn or assembled improperly, resulting in insufficient oil supply in the lubrication system.

　　(3)處理方法

　　(3) Handling method

　?、僬{(diào)整壓力調(diào)節(jié)閥，如調(diào)節(jié)彈簧損壞應更換。

　?、?Adjust the pressure regulating valve. If the regulating spring is damaged, it should be replaced.

　?、谌羯鲜稣{(diào)整后壓力仍達不到要求，應先檢査油底殼內(nèi)機油足否太少，機油管接頭是否松脫或破裂。

　?、?If the pressure still does not meet the requirements after the above adjustments, it is necessary to first check whether the oil in the oil pan is too low and whether the oil pipe joint is loose or broken.

　　③對照機外正常機油檢查油底殼內(nèi)機油粘度有否變化，若機油稀釋，則應檢査漏入柴油或水的原因。漏水多是機油冷卻器冷卻管破裂引起的，應及時修理或更換機油冷卻器。機油中漏入柴油，可能是氣缸或活塞環(huán)磨損嚴重，使噴人燃燒室的柴油漏入曲軸箱中，這時應更換活塞環(huán)或氣缸套；也可能由于噴油泵噴油過多、噴油器滴油、噴油壓力過低，使未完全燃燒的柴油漏入機油中。

　　③ Check the viscosity of the oil in the oil pan for any changes compared to normal oil outside the engine. If the oil is diluted, investigate the cause of diesel or water leakage. Water leakage is often caused by the rupture of the cooling pipe of the oil cooler, and the oil cooler should be repaired or replaced in a timely manner. Diesel oil leaking into the engine oil may be due to severe wear of the cylinder or piston ring, causing diesel injected into the combustion chamber to leak into the crankcase. In this case, the piston ring or cylinder liner should be replaced; It is also possible that incomplete combustion of diesel fuel may leak into the engine oil due to excessive fuel injection from the fuel injection pump, dripping from the fuel injector, or low injection pressure.

　?、苋绻麢C油冷卻器或機油粗濾器堵塞應予以疏通，并清洗集濾器和吸油管。

　?、?If the oil cooler or oil coarse filter is clogged, it should be unblocked and the collection filter and suction pipe should be cleaned.

　　⑤檢査機油潤滑部位的配合間隙，如間隙過大應及時更換已損壞的零件，并調(diào)整至符合要求，保證配合良好不泄漏。

　?、?Check the fit clearance of the oil lubrication parts. If the clearance is too large, replace the damaged parts in a timely manner and adjust them to meet the requirements to ensure good fit and no leakage.

　?、奕缃?jīng)上述檢查后，機油壓力仍較低，則應檢査機油泵是否損壞，如齒輪磨損嚴重或裝配不符合要求，應更換齒輪或重新裝配。

　　⑥ If the oil pressure is still low after the above inspection, the oil pump should be checked for damage. If the gear is severely worn or the assembly does not meet the requirements, the gear should be replaced or reassembled.

　　15.燃氣發(fā)電機組機油壓力過高

　　15. The oil pressure of the gas generator set is too high

　　(1)故障現(xiàn)象。機油壓力表讀數(shù)超過規(guī)定數(shù)值，同時燃氣發(fā)電機組功率降低。

　　(1) Fault phenomenon. The reading on the oil pressure gauge exceeds the specified value, and at the same time, the power of the gas generator set decreases.

　　(2)原因分析

　　(2) Cause analysis

　?、贆C油粘度過高，牌號不對。

　?、?The viscosity of the engine oil is too high and the brand is incorrect.

　?、跈C油主油道不暢通或堵塞。

　?、?The main oil passage of the engine oil is not unobstructed or blocked.

　?、蹤C油壓力調(diào)節(jié)閥調(diào)整不當。

　　③ Improper adjustment of the oil pressure regulating valve.

　?、苤鬏S軸承或連桿軸瓦的間隙過小。

　?、?The clearance between the main shaft bearing or connecting rod bearing is too small.

　　(3)處理方法

　　(3) Handling method

　?、傧扔脵C油尺從曲軸箱內(nèi)蘸出機油，用手槎揉，檢查機油是否過稠.過稠應換用符合規(guī)定的機油。

　?、?First, dip the oil dipstick into the crankcase and rub it with your hand to check if the oil is too thick If it is too thick, replace it with engine oil that meets the regulations.

　　②卸下機油濾清器，檢査濾芯是否過臟堵塞，如有堵塞應進行清洗或更換。如油道堵塞，應及時疏通。

　　② Remove the oil filter and check if the filter element is dirty or clogged. If it is clogged, it should be cleaned or replaced. If the oil passage is blocked, it should be cleared in a timely manner.

　?、廴羰菣C油壓力調(diào)節(jié)閥壓力調(diào)整不當，應將壓力調(diào)整至規(guī)定值。

　　③ If the oil pressure regulating valve is not adjusted properly, the pressure should be adjusted to the specified value.

　?、苋糁鬏S承或連桿軸瓦的間隙過小，可在瓦口增加墊片以增大間隙，或更換軸瓦使間隙符合要求。

　?、?If the clearance between the main bearing or connecting rod bearing is too small, shims can be added to the bearing mouth to increase the clearance, or the bearing can be replaced to make the clearance meet the requirements.

　　16.燃氣發(fā)電機組機油消耗量大

　　16. Gas generator sets consume a large amount of oil

　　(1)故障現(xiàn)象。用機油尺檢查機油時，發(fā)現(xiàn)機油消耗量增多(機油減少)，或發(fā)現(xiàn)機油突然減少。

　　(1) Fault phenomenon. When checking the oil with an oil dipstick, it is found that the oil consumption has increased (the oil has decreased) or that the oil has suddenly decreased.

　　(2)原因分析。機油消耗量大通常是由于漏油嚴重引起的。

　　(2) Cause analysis. High oil consumption is usually caused by severe oil leakage.

　?、倩钊⒒钊h(huán)與氣缸套磨損嚴重，使機油大量竄人燃燒室內(nèi)燒掉或從排氣管排出。

　?、?The piston, piston ring, and cylinder liner are severely worn, causing a large amount of oil to enter the combustion chamber and burn off or be discharged from the exhaust pipe.

　　②管路接頭及其他部位漏油嚴重。

　?、?The pipeline joints and other parts have serious oil leakage.

　　(3)處理方法

　　(3) Handling method

　?、偃細獍l(fā)電機組運轉(zhuǎn)時，從排氣管排出大量藍白色煙，機油加油口有油煙冒出，此現(xiàn)象說明活塞、活塞環(huán)與氣缸套磨損嚴重，機油大量竄入燃燒室內(nèi)，應及時更換活塞環(huán)或氣缸套。

　?、?When the gas generator set is running, a large amount of blue and white smoke is discharged from the exhaust pipe, and oil fumes are emitted from the oil filling port. This phenomenon indicates that the piston, piston ring, and cylinder liner are severely worn, and a large amount of oil enters the combustion chamber. The piston ring or cylinder liner should be replaced in a timely manner.

　　②若有機油從飛輪邊緣甩出或從油底殼后端向外滴出，應停機后用破布將曲軸后軸承蓋 或油底殼后端擦干凈，然后開機并仔細觀察，如從曲軸軸頸處向外流油，為曲軸后油封漏油；從油底殼后端向外流油，為油底殼與曲軸箱密封不嚴或連接螺釘松動所致；凸輪軸后端蓋密封不嚴漏油，在凸輪軸后端蓋處的曲軸上端由缸體向下流油；機油從曲軸皮帶輪甩出， 說明正時齒輪室蓋油封磨損、損壞或裝置不當而漏油；其他各襯墊或管子接頭松動、破裂等而漏油，從外表可以看出有漏油的油跡。應檢査油封、襯墊等是否破裂，各連接處螺釘或管 接頭是否松動等。

　?、?If oil is thrown out from the edge of the flywheel or drips outwards from the rear end of the oil pan, the crankshaft rear bearing cover or the rear end of the oil pan should be wiped clean with a rag after stopping the machine, and then the machine should be turned on and carefully observed. If oil flows outwards from the crankshaft journal, it is due to oil leakage from the crankshaft rear oil seal; Oil flows outward from the rear end of the oil pan, which is caused by poor sealing between the oil pan and the crankcase or loose connecting screws; The rear end cover of the camshaft is not tightly sealed and leaks oil. Oil flows downwards from the cylinder block at the upper end of the crankshaft at the rear end cover of the camshaft; The oil is thrown out from the crankshaft pulley, indicating that the timing gear chamber cover oil seal is worn, damaged, or improperly installed, resulting in oil leakage; Other gaskets or pipe joints are loose, broken, etc., causing oil leakage, and oil stains can be seen from the appearance. Check whether the oil seal, gasket, etc. are broken, and whether the screws or pipe joints at each connection are loose.

　　17.起動機不能轉(zhuǎn)動

　　17. The starter cannot rotate

　　(1)故障現(xiàn)象。發(fā)電機組的電起動鑰匙轉(zhuǎn)到起動位置，起動按鈕已按下，起動電動機不能轉(zhuǎn)動，燃氣發(fā)電機組未能起動。

　　(1) Fault phenomenon. The electric starting key of the generator set has been turned to the starting position, the starting button has been pressed, the starting motor cannot rotate, and the gas generator set cannot be started.

　　（2）原因分析

　　(2) Cause analysis

　?、匐娖饎酉到y(tǒng)連接線，如電起動鑰匙、起動開關(guān)、電磁開關(guān)、起動電動機及蓄電池等相 互之間的連接線，接觸不良，甚至斷線，起動電動機定、轉(zhuǎn)子繞組無電流通過，起動電動機不能轉(zhuǎn)動。

　?、?The connecting wires of the electric starting system, such as the electric starting key, starting switch, electromagnetic switch, starter motor, and battery, have poor contact or even breakage. The stator and rotor windings of the starter motor have no current passing through, and the starter motor cannot rotate.

　?、陔姶砰_關(guān)接觸不良。電磁汗關(guān)觸頭吸合時通過觸頭的電流很大，如果觸頭接觸不良或 電磁開關(guān)線圈失電、開關(guān)內(nèi)使觸頭退回的彈簧拉力不足，都會使觸頭燒蝕，導致電磁開關(guān)的動觸頭和靜觸頭接觸不良甚至無接觸，起動電動機未通過電流而不能轉(zhuǎn)動。

　?、?Poor contact of electromagnetic switch. When the electromagnetic sweat switch contacts are pulled in, the current passing through the contacts is very high. If the contacts have poor contact or the electromagnetic switch coil loses power, or the spring tension inside the switch that causes the contacts to retract is insufficient, it will cause the contacts to burn out, resulting in poor or even no contact between the moving and stationary contacts of the electromagnetic switch. The starting motor cannot rotate without passing current.

　?、垭娝⒔佑|不良。起動電動機是一種直流串激式電動機，在換向器上均布有電刷。當電刷與換向器接觸不良，或電刷被卡在刷握內(nèi)，電起動系統(tǒng)電路不通電，起動電動機不能轉(zhuǎn)動。

　?、?Poor contact of the electric brush. The starter motor is a DC series excited motor with brushes evenly distributed on the commutator. When the contact between the electric brush and the commutator is poor, or the electric brush is stuck in the brush holder, the electric starting system circuit is not powered, and the starting motor cannot rotate.

　?、芷饎与妱訖C繞組短路。定子繞組短路時未能建立磁場或磁場削弱.電樞繞組短路時未 能產(chǎn)生電動力或電動力不足，都不能使起動電動機轉(zhuǎn)動。

　?、?The winding of the starter motor is short circuited. Failure to establish magnetic field or magnetic field weakening during stator winding short circuit When the armature winding is short circuited, the failure to generate electric force or insufficient electric force cannot cause the starter motor to rotate.

　　⑤蓄電池放電過度或充電不足，使起動電動機得不到足夠的直流電壓而不能轉(zhuǎn)動。

　?、?Excessive discharge or insufficient charging of the battery causes the starter motor to not receive sufficient DC voltage and cannot rotate.

　　(3)處理方法

　　(3) Handling method

　?、儆萌f用表檢查各段連接線，對斷線處予以接通。同時檢査各接點接觸情況，對接觸不良的應用砂布擦凈后再連接。對連接螺栓松動的，應予以擰緊。

　?、?Use a multimeter to check the connecting wires of each section and connect the broken wires. At the same time, check the contact status of each contact point, and apply sandpaper to clean the poor contact before connecting. Loose connecting bolts should be tightened.

　?、跈z查電磁開關(guān)接觸情況，觸點燒蝕的應用砂布砂磨，彈簧拉力不足的應更換彈簧。

　?、?Check the contact condition of the electromagnetic switch. If the contact is burned, use sandpaper to grind it. If the spring tension is insufficient, replace the spring.

　?、廴綦娝⑴c換向器接觸面太小引起它們接觸不良，則應重新研磨電刷圓弧面，使其與換向器的接觸面不少于電刷橫截面的75%。電刷被卡在刷握的，應用砂布擦凈刷握內(nèi)壁。若電刷與刷握配合過緊，可適當磨小電刷側(cè)面尺寸，使電刷在刷握內(nèi)能上下滑動。

　?、?If the contact surface between the electric brush and the commutator is too small and causes poor contact, the circular arc surface of the electric brush should be re ground so that its contact surface with the commutator is not less than 75% of the cross-sectional area of the electric brush. The electric brush is stuck in the brush holder, and the inner wall of the brush holder should be wiped clean with a sandpaper. If the brush is too tightly matched with the brush holder, the side size of the brush can be appropriately ground down to allow the brush to slide up and down inside the brush holder.

　?、馨蠢@組短路檢査法査找起動電動機定子和電樞繞組短路點，修復短路點，無法修復的應換新繞組，并進行浸絕緣漆、烘干處理。不具備條件時，應換上同型號、規(guī)格的起動電動機。

　　④ According to the winding short circuit inspection method, locate the short circuit points of the stator and armature windings of the starter motor, repair the short circuit points, replace the windings that cannot be repaired, and apply insulation paint and drying treatment. When the conditions are not met, a starting motor of the same model and specification should be replaced.

　?、莅l(fā)電機組起動時，蓄電池電壓大幅度下降，均表明蓄電池充電不足，應換已充足電的蓄電池，或?qū)υ铍姵爻潆姾笤偈褂谩?/p>

　　⑤ When the generator set starts, a significant drop in battery voltage indicates insufficient charging of the battery. It is recommended to replace the battery with a fully charged one or charge the original battery before use.

　　18.起動機空轉(zhuǎn)正常，但無力起動燃氣發(fā)電機組

　　18. The starter is idling normally, but it is unable to start the gas generator set

　　(1)故障現(xiàn)象。按下起動開關(guān)，起動機轉(zhuǎn)得很慢且無力，起動不了燃氣發(fā)電機組。

　　(1) Fault phenomenon. Press the start switch, the starter motor rotates slowly and weakly, and cannot start the gas generator set.

　　(2)原因分析。起動機空轉(zhuǎn)正常，但無力起動燃氣發(fā)電機組，主要是由蓄電池電壓不足和起動機內(nèi)部故障等引起的。

　　(2) Cause analysis. The starter is idling normally, but it is unable to start the gas generator set, mainly caused by insufficient battery voltage and internal faults of the starter.

　?、傩铍姵爻潆姴蛔慊蚪宇^松動，樁頭(接線柱）太臟。

　　① The battery is not fully charged or the connector is loose, and the pile head (terminal) is too dirty.

　?、谄饎与妱訖C開關(guān)觸點燒蝕，接觸不良。

　?、?The switch contacts of the starter motor are burnt and have poor contact.

　?、燮饎訖C故障。主要有軸承間隙過緊或過松；電樞軸彎曲而刮碰磁極；整流子燒蝕嚴重、失圓或油污太多；電刷磨損嚴重，彈簧過軟；磁極線圈或電樞線圈有短路處；燃氣發(fā)電機組搭鐵不良；燃氣發(fā)電機組溫度過高或過低等，引起轉(zhuǎn)動阻力過大。

　　③ Starter motor malfunction. Mainly due to the bearing clearance being too tight or too loose; The armature shaft bends and scratches the magnetic pole; Severe erosion, roundness loss or excessive oil contamination of the rectifier; The electric brush is severely worn and the spring is too soft; There is a short circuit in the magnetic pole coil or armature coil; Poor grounding of gas generator set; The temperature of the gas generator set is too high or too low, causing excessive rotational resistance.

　　(3)處理方法

　　(3) Handling method

　?、傧葯z査蓄電池電壓是否正常，若電壓不正常應充電或換用電壓正常的蓄電池。檢査蓄電池連接導線接頭是否松動、樁頭是否過臟，如接頭松動應擰緊，樁頭過臟應清潔或去除氧化物，以保證接觸良好。樁頭接觸不好，按下起動開關(guān)時，用手觸摸其導線，會有過熱的感覺。

　?、?First, check if the battery voltage is normal. If the voltage is abnormal, charge or replace it with a battery with a normal voltage. Check whether the battery connection wire joints are loose and whether the pile heads are too dirty. If the joints are loose, they should be tightened. If the pile heads are too dirty, they should be cleaned or oxide removed to ensure good contact. Poor contact at the pile head, when pressing the start switch and touching its wires with your hand, there may be a feeling of overheating.

　　②經(jīng)以上處理，若起動機轉(zhuǎn)動仍無力，可用螺絲刀將起動開關(guān)接線柱接通，若起動機轉(zhuǎn)動有力，應檢査開關(guān)觸點是否燒蝕而導電不良，若觸點燒蝕應更換。

　　② After the above processing, if the starter still fails to rotate, a screwdriver can be used to connect the starter switch terminal. If the starter rotates strongly, the switch contacts should be checked for erosion and poor conductivity. If the contacts are eroded, they should be replaced.

　　③經(jīng)過上面檢査，起動機仍轉(zhuǎn)動無力，則故障在起動機內(nèi)部，應分解檢査，并進行有針對性的處理。

　?、?After the above inspection, if the starter still fails to rotate, the fault lies inside the starter. It should be disassembled for inspection and targeted treatment should be carried out.

　　19.起動機空轉(zhuǎn)

　　19. Starter idling

　　(1)故障現(xiàn)象。按下起動開關(guān)時，只聽到起動機旋轉(zhuǎn)聲，但燃氣發(fā)電機組曲軸不動，即起動傳動裝置不能把起動電動機電樞轉(zhuǎn)矩傳到燃氣發(fā)電機組飛輪齒圈。

　　(1) Fault phenomenon. When the start switch is pressed, only the sound of the starter motor rotating is heard, but the crankshaft of the gas generator set does not move, that is, the starting transmission device cannot transmit the armature torque of the starter motor to the flywheel ring gear of the gas generator set.

　　(2)原因分析

　　(2) Cause analysis

　?、傩铍姵仉妷哼^低，使進人起動電動機的電流不足以使電樞移動到嚙合位罝。

　　① The battery voltage is too low, causing insufficient current to enter the starting motor and move the armature to the meshing position.

　?、陔姶砰_關(guān)拉桿調(diào)整過長，使撥叉行程縮短，不能把起動齒輪推到嚙合位置。

　　② The adjustment of the electromagnetic switch lever is too long, which shortens the travel of the shift fork and cannot push the starting gear to the meshing position.

　?、燮饎育X輪或飛輪齒圈齒磨損嚴重或損壞。

　　③ The starting gear or flywheel ring gear teeth are severely worn or damaged.

　?、芷饎育X輪與飛輪齒圈端面間隙過大，起動機與燃氣發(fā)電機組飛輪中心線不平行，使齒輪無法嚙合。

　　④ The clearance between the starting gear and the end face of the flywheel ring gear is too large, and the centerline of the starter and the flywheel of the gas generator set are not parallel, which makes it impossible for the gears to mesh.

　?、蓍_關(guān)觸點接觸時間調(diào)整不當。

　?、?Improper adjustment of switch contact time.

　?、弈Σ岭x合器打滑或減震彈簧損壞。

　?、?Friction clutch slipping or damaged shock absorber spring.

　　(3)處理方法

　　(3) Handling method

　?、贆z査蓄電池電壓是否正常，若不正常應充電或換用電壓正常的蓄電池。

　?、?Check if the battery voltage is normal. If it is not normal, charge or replace it with a battery with normal voltage.

　　②若電磁開關(guān)拉桿調(diào)整過長引起起動機空轉(zhuǎn)，應調(diào)整拉桿至符合要求。

　?、?If the adjustment of the electromagnetic switch lever is too long and causes the starter to idle, the lever should be adjusted to meet the requirements.

　?、燮饎育X輪、齒圈齒磨損嚴電或損壞時應更換。

　　③ When the starting gear and ring gear are worn or damaged, they should be replaced.

　?、芷饎育X輪與飛輪齒圈端面間隙應調(diào)整至符合要求，并使起動機與飛輪中心線平行，以 保證嚙合良好。

　?、?The clearance between the starting gear and the end face of the flywheel ring gear should be adjusted to meet the requirements, and the starter should be parallel to the centerline of the flywheel to ensure good meshing.

　?、萑舭聪缕饎娱_關(guān)，在撥叉使起動齒輪到達飛輪齒圈之前，開關(guān)觸點就已接觸通電，說明通電過早。可將起動機撥叉上的頂桿鎖緊螺帽松開，將頂桿退回少許再試，直到合適 為止。

　　⑤ If the start switch is pressed and the switch contacts are already energized before the fork reaches the flywheel ring gear, it indicates that the energization is too early. You can loosen the locking nut of the top rod on the starter fork, retract the top rod slightly and try again until it is suitable.

　?、弈Σ岭x合器因使用時間過久，磨損嚴重引起打滑，應換上新摩擦片。減震彈簧損壞時應更換。

　?、?The friction clutch may slip due to prolonged use and severe wear, and new friction plates should be replaced. When the shock absorber spring is damaged, it should be replaced.

　　20.起動機齒輪不能與飛輪齒圈嚙合

　　20. The starter gear cannot mesh with the flywheel ring gear

　　(1)故障現(xiàn)象。起動時起動機齒輪不能與飛輪齒圈嚙合，同時發(fā)出強烈的打齒聲。

　　(1) Fault phenomenon. When starting, the starter gear cannot mesh with the flywheel ring gear and emits a strong rattling sound.

　　(2)原因分析

　　(2) Cause analysis

　　①起動開關(guān)觸點調(diào)整不當。

　　① Improper adjustment of the starting switch contacts.

　　②起動齒輪或飛輪齒圈牙齒磨損嚴重或損壞。

　?、?The teeth of the starting gear or flywheel ring gear are severely worn or damaged.

　　③起動齒輪與飛輪齒圈端面間隙過大，起動機與飛輪中心線不平，使齒輪嚙合不良。

　?、?The clearance between the starting gear and the flywheel ring gear end face is too large, and the centerline of the starter and flywheel is uneven, resulting in poor gear meshing.

　　(3)處理方法

　　(3) Handling method

　?、賹懿嫔系捻敆U鎖緊螺帽松開，將頂桿退回少許檢試，直到觸點接觸合適為止。

　?、?Loosen the locking nut of the top rod on the fork, retract the top rod slightly for inspection until the contact point contacts properly.

　　②起動齒輪、飛輪齒圈牙齒磨損嚴重或損壞時，應及時更換起動齒輪或飛輪齒圈。

　?、?When the teeth of the starting gear or flywheel ring gear are severely worn or damaged, they should be replaced in a timely manner.

　　③起動齒輪與飛輪齒圈端面間隙過大時，應調(diào)整至符合要求。起動機與飛輪中心線不平行時，可通過調(diào)整使其平行，以保證嚙合良好。

　?、?When the clearance between the starting gear and the flywheel ring gear end face is too large, it should be adjusted to meet the requirements. When the centerline of the starter and flywheel are not parallel, they can be adjusted to be parallel to ensure good engagement.

　　21.發(fā)電機組運行中不能對蓄電池充電

　　21. The generator set cannot charge the battery during operation

　　(1)故障現(xiàn)象。發(fā)電機組在運行過程中，充電電流表指示為0,用萬用表直流電壓擋檢測蓄電池正、負極，端電壓低于蓄電池的工作電壓。停機后再起動，燃氣發(fā)電機組不能起動。

　　(1) Fault phenomenon. During the operation of the generator set, the charging ammeter indicates 0, and a multimeter is used to detect the positive and negative terminals of the battery in the DC voltage range. The terminal voltage is lower than the working voltage of the battery. After shutting down and restarting, the gas generator set cannot be started.

　　(2)原因分析

　　(2) Cause analysis

　?、偃瞧p或張緊力不足。機組運行時，充電發(fā)電機由軸端的三角皮帶輪通過三角皮帶帶動而旋轉(zhuǎn)發(fā)電，皮帶磨損或張緊力不足時，則充電發(fā)電機轉(zhuǎn)速不夠，發(fā)出的電壓太低，當電壓低于蓄電池電壓時，就不能對蓄電池充電。

　?、?The V-belt is worn or the tension is insufficient. When the unit is running, the charging generator is driven by the triangular belt pulley at the shaft end to rotate and generate electricity through the triangular belt. When the belt is worn or the tension is insufficient, the speed of the charging generator is not enough, and the voltage emitted is too low. When the voltage is lower than the battery voltage, the battery cannot be charged.

　?、诔潆姲l(fā)電機是一臺磁場在定子、感應電壓在電樞的轉(zhuǎn)樞式三相發(fā)電機，三相交流電經(jīng)三相整流橋全波整流后為蓄電池充電。若整流二極管擊穿，定子磁場繞組或電樞繞組斷路、短路，充電發(fā)電機就發(fā)不出電或電壓極低，不能對蓄電池進行充電。

　?、?A charging generator is a pivot type three-phase generator with a magnetic field in the stator and induced voltage in the armature. The three-phase AC power is fully rectified by a three-phase rectifier bridge to charge the battery. If the rectifier diode breaks down, the stator magnetic field winding or armature winding will open or short-circuit, and the charging generator will not be able to generate electricity or the voltage will be extremely low, making it impossible to charge the battery.

　?、鄢潆婋娐窋嗑€，使充電發(fā)電機發(fā)出的電不能輸給蓄電池。

　?、?The disconnection of the charging circuit prevents the electricity generated by the charging generator from being transmitted to the battery.

　　(3)處理方法

　　(3) Handling method

　?、偻C，檢查三角皮帶的松緊程度，若太松，適當拉開充電發(fā)電機與燃氣發(fā)電機組軸端皮帶輪的距離，使皮帶有足夠的張緊力。若三角皮帶損壞，應更換。

　?、?Stop the machine and check the tightness of the V-belt. If it is too loose, pull the distance between the charging generator and the gas generator shaft pulley appropriately to ensure that the belt has sufficient tension. If the V-belt is damaged, it should be replaced.

　?、谟萌f用表逐個檢査整流二極管的正、負極，若全通或全斷.表明該二極管已損壞，應換上同型號、規(guī)格的元件。檢査充電發(fā)電機定子磁極繞組和電樞繞組，斷路的予以接通，短路的應修理，不能修理的應更換繞組或更換充電發(fā)電機。

　?、?Use a multimeter to check the positive and negative terminals of the rectifier diode one by one, and if they are all on or off Indicates that the diode is damaged and should be replaced with a component of the same model and specification. Inspect the stator magnetic pole winding and armature winding of the charging generator. If there is an open circuit, connect it. If there is a short circuit, repair it. If it cannot be repaired, replace the winding or the charging generator.

　?、塾萌f用表逐段檢査充電回路的通或斷，對斷線處予以接通。

　?、?Use a multimeter to check the continuity or disconnection of the charging circuit section by section, and connect the disconnected parts.

　　22.蓄電池充電電流不穩(wěn)定

　　22. Unstable charging current of battery

　　(1)故障現(xiàn)象。燃氣發(fā)電機組達額定轉(zhuǎn)速時，充電電流表指針不穩(wěn)定，電流指示值忽大忽小。

　　(1) Fault phenomenon. When the gas generator set reaches its rated speed, the charging ammeter pointer is unstable and the current reading fluctuates.

　　(2)故障原因

　　(2) Reason for malfunction

　?、俪潆姲l(fā)電機電刷臟污或電刷壓力不足，電刷與集電環(huán)接觸不良，時而接觸好時而接觸不好，輸出電壓忽高忽低。

　?、?The electric brush of the charging generator is dirty or the pressure of the electric brush is insufficient. The contact between the electric brush and the collector ring is poor, sometimes good and sometimes bad, and the output voltage fluctuates.

　?、谡鞫O管壓裝處松動，引起整流二極管時而導通良好時而導通不良，輸出電壓忽高忽低。

　?、?The loose installation of the rectifier diode causes the rectifier diode to conduct well and poorly, resulting in fluctuating output voltage.

　　③充電發(fā)電機傳動皮帶松動、打滑，充電發(fā)電機轉(zhuǎn)速不穩(wěn)，導致輸出電壓忽高忽低。

　?、?The transmission belt of the charging generator is loose and slipping, and the speed of the charging generator is unstable, resulting in fluctuating output voltage.

　　④充電發(fā)電機調(diào)節(jié)器觸頭接觸不良，調(diào)節(jié)器輸出電壓不能保持在規(guī)定范圍內(nèi)，使輸出電壓不穩(wěn)。

　?、?The contact of the charging generator regulator is poor, and the output voltage of the regulator cannot be maintained within the specified range, resulting in unstable output voltage.

　　(3)處理方法

　　(3) Handling method

　?、儆镁凭蚱筒料醇姯h(huán)與電刷接觸面污物；若電刷上的彈黃壓力太小，應換上壓力足夠大的彈簧，保持電刷與集電環(huán)接觸良好，使充電發(fā)電機輸出電壓穩(wěn)定。

　?、?Clean the dirt on the contact surface between the collector ring and the electric brush with alcohol or gasoline; If the rebound pressure on the electric brush is too small, a spring with sufficient pressure should be replaced to maintain good contact between the electric brush and the collector ring, so as to stabilize the output voltage of the charging generator.

　?、谟萌f用表檢査整流二極管的正、反向電阻，若萬用表指示的電阻值不穩(wěn)定，表明該二極管內(nèi)部接觸不良，應換上同型號、規(guī)格的元件。

　　② Use a multimeter to check the forward and reverse resistance of the rectifier diode. If the resistance value indicated by the multimeter is unstable, it indicates poor internal contact of the diode and should be replaced with a component of the same model and specification.

　?、蹜{(diào)整安裝充電發(fā)電機的支架位使皮帶松緊度適中，使充電發(fā)電機轉(zhuǎn)速穩(wěn)定。

　?、?The bracket position for installing the charging generator should be adjusted to ensure moderate tightness of the belt and stable speed of the charging generator.

　?、軝z査調(diào)節(jié)器觸頭是否臟污，臟污應擦洗干凈。檢查調(diào)節(jié)器觸頭是否燒毛，若燒毛應予修平，使之接觸良好。檢查各動、靜觸頭的間隙是否太大，若太大應適當調(diào)小。

　?、?Check whether the regulator contacts are dirty, and clean them thoroughly. Check if the regulator contacts are burnt. If burnt, they should be leveled to ensure good contact. Check if the gap between the moving and stationary contacts is too large, and if it is too large, adjust it appropriately.

　　23.充電發(fā)電機對蓄電池充電電流太大

　　23. The charging generator charges the battery with too much current

　　(1)故障現(xiàn)象。機組在運行中充電電流表指示值太大，持續(xù)的大電流充電時，蓄電池因電解液溫度過高而失效。

　　(1) Fault phenomenon. The charging ammeter reading of the unit is too high during operation, and the battery fails due to high electrolyte temperature during continuous high current charging.

　　(2)原因分析

　　(2) Cause analysis

　　①機組轉(zhuǎn)速太高，充電發(fā)電機電壓太高，導致充電電流太大。

　　① The unit speed is too high, and the voltage of the charging generator is too high, resulting in excessive charging current.

　?、陔妷赫{(diào)節(jié)器故障.當充電發(fā)電機輸出電壓超過規(guī)定值時，不能對充電發(fā)電機輸出電壓 進行調(diào)節(jié)，充電發(fā)電機持續(xù)輸出高電壓，使充電電流降不下來。

　　② Voltage regulator malfunction When the output voltage of the charging generator exceeds the specified value, the output voltage of the charging generator cannot be adjusted. The charging generator continues to output high voltage, which prevents the charging current from decreasing.

　　(3)處理方法

　　(3) Handling method

　　①降低機組轉(zhuǎn)速至額定值，使充電發(fā)電機輸出電壓降至規(guī)定值范圍。

　?、?Reduce the unit speed to the rated value to lower the output voltage of the charging generator to the specified range.

　　②用萬用表檢査電壓調(diào)節(jié)器回路各段有否斷線，線圈有否匝間短路，斷路的予以接通，匝間短路的應修復或換上新線圈。檢查電壓調(diào)節(jié)器的動觸頭與定觸頭有否燒毛，燒毛的予以修復。

　　② Use a multimeter to check if there are any broken wires in each section of the voltage regulator circuit, and if there is a short circuit between turns in the coil. If there is a short circuit between turns, it should be connected. If there is a short circuit between turns, it should be repaired or replaced with a new coil. Check if the moving and fixed contacts of the voltage regulator are burnt, and repair any burnt ones.

　　24.蓄電池容置降低

　　24. Decreased battery capacity

　　(1)故障現(xiàn)象。蓄電池充電后使用時間不長即電量不足，起動機轉(zhuǎn)動無力，起動燃氣發(fā)電機組困難。

　　(1) Fault phenomenon. After charging the battery for a short period of time, the battery runs low, causing the starter to turn weakly and making it difficult to start the gas generator set.

　　(2)原因分析

　　(2) Cause analysis

　?、傩铍姵貎Υ孢^久，極板硫化、氧化嚴重，而在初充電時又沒有進行充、放電循環(huán)，致使蓄電池達不到額定容量。

　?、?The battery has been stored for too long, causing severe sulfurization and oxidation of the plates, and there has been no charge discharge cycle during initial charging, resulting in the battery not reaching its rated capacity.

　?、诔潆姲l(fā)電機調(diào)節(jié)器電壓調(diào)整過低，使蓄電池經(jīng)常充電不足，而長期處于放電狀態(tài)?；蛐铍姵亟泳€柱經(jīng)常受到敲擊，使接線柱與極板連接處斷裂而增大充電電阻。

　?、?The voltage adjustment of the charging generator regulator is too low, causing the battery to frequently be undercharged and remain in a discharged state for a long time. Or the battery terminal is often struck, causing the connection between the terminal and the electrode plate to break and increasing the charging resistance.

　　③蓄電池每單格的電壓低于1.5V，而又長時間經(jīng)常使用起動機，造成大電流放電并使極板損壞。

　　③ The voltage of each battery cell is below 1.5V, and frequent use of the starter for a long time causes high current discharge and damage to the electrode plates.

　?、苄铍姵仉娊庖好芏冗^高或液面過低時，用電解液代替蒸餾水加入蓄電池內(nèi)，引起極板硫化，造成容量不足，或液面過低使極板露出部分硫化。

　　④ When the electrolyte density of the battery is too high or the liquid level is too low, using electrolyte instead of distilled water to add to the battery can cause the plates to sulfide, resulting in insufficient capacity, or when the liquid level is too low, the exposed parts of the plates may sulfide.

　?、莩潆姲l(fā)電機電壓調(diào)節(jié)器電壓調(diào)整過高，充電電流過大，引起蓄電池極板物質(zhì)脫落，而使蓄電池容里不足。

　?、?The voltage regulator of the charging generator adjusts the voltage too high, resulting in excessive charging current and causing the material of the battery plates to fall off, leading to insufficient battery capacity.

　　(3)處理方法。用高率放電計檢査蓄電池單格電壓，若沒有高率放電計，可用一般的萬用表。按下起動開關(guān)，測量每個單格電池的電壓，若電壓低于1.5V，說明蓄電池容量降低。

　　(3) Handling method. Use a high rate discharge meter to check the cell voltage of the battery. If there is no high rate discharge meter, a general multimeter can be used. Press the start switch and measure the voltage of each individual cell battery. If the voltage is below 1.5V, it indicates a decrease in battery capacity.

　?、俪醮纬潆姷男铍姵?，應檢查其極板是否有硫化(出現(xiàn)白色結(jié)晶體)現(xiàn)象，若有應及時處理，并經(jīng)反復充、放電，使容最提高。

　?、?For batteries that are being charged for the first time, their plates should be checked for sulfurization (white crystals appearing). If so, they should be dealt with promptly and repeatedly charged and discharged to maximize their capacity.

　?、谌羰请妷赫{(diào)節(jié)器電壓調(diào)得過低應調(diào)高，使蓄電池充足電。若是蓄電池接線柱與極板連接處斷裂，應及時處理。

　　② If the voltage regulator is set too low, it should be raised to fully charge the battery. If the connection between the battery terminal and the electrode plate breaks, it should be dealt with in a timely manner.

　?、廴粢蛐铍姵卮箅娏鞣烹娭聵O板損壞，應更換極板。

　?、?If the electrode plate is damaged due to high current discharge of the battery, it should be replaced.

　?、苄铍姵貥O板硫化時應按以下方法處理：硫化較輕時，可用小電流反復充、放電予以消除。硫化嚴重，應先將蓄電池以其容量10%的電流放電至終止電壓，再將原電解液全部倒出，加入蒸餾水迸行淸洗，然后換上蒸餾水，用初充電電流進行充電。隨時測量電解液密度，如密度升到1. 15g/ml以上，可抽出部分電解液，再加蒸餾水，繼續(xù)充電至密度不再上升。調(diào)整電解液密度至1.28g/ml，并進行放電至終止電壓。如放電容量能達到額定容量的 80%時，則表示恢復工作基本完成。若放電容量仍很小，則應重復上述方法，直到正常為止。若極板硫化嚴重，應更換極板。

　　④ The sulfurization of battery plates should be treated according to the following method: when the sulfurization is light, it can be eliminated by repeated charging and discharging with low current. Severe sulfurization, the battery should be discharged to the termination voltage with a current of 10% of its capacity first, then the original electrolyte should be completely poured out and washed with distilled water, and then replaced with distilled water and charged with the initial charging current. Measure the electrolyte density at any time, such as when the density rises to 1 If the concentration is above 15g/ml, a portion of the electrolyte can be extracted and distilled water can be added to continue charging until the density no longer increases. Adjust the electrolyte density to 1.28g/ml and discharge to the termination voltage. If the discharge capacity can reach 80% of the rated capacity, it indicates that the recovery work is basically completed. If the discharge capacity is still very small, the above method should be repeated until it returns to normal. If the electrode plate is severely vulcanized, it should be replaced.

　?、萑舫潆姲l(fā)電機電壓調(diào)節(jié)器電壓調(diào)得過高，應重新調(diào)整至符合要求。

　　⑤ If the voltage regulator of the charging generator is set too high, it should be readjusted to meet the requirements.

　　25.蓄電池自行放電

　　25. Self discharge of battery

　　(1)故障現(xiàn)象。蓄電池在使用過程中或存放的情況下，不接通任何用電設備，但容量逐漸減小，嚴重時燃氣發(fā)電機組熄火時間較長一點再起動，便感到蓄電池電壓不足。當自行放電的速度每天小于蓄電池容量的1%時，誠正?，F(xiàn)象，大于此速度，就是自行放電故障。

　　(1) Fault phenomenon. During use or storage, the battery does not connect to any electrical equipment, but its capacity gradually decreases. In severe cases, if the gas generator unit stalls for a longer period of time before restarting, the battery voltage may feel insufficient. When the self discharge speed is less than 1% of the battery capacity per day, it is a normal phenomenon. If it exceeds this speed, it is a self discharge fault.

　　(2)原因分析

　　(2) Cause analysis

　?、傩铍姵貙Ь€有搭鐵、短路處。

　?、?The battery wires have grounding and short circuits.

　?、跇O板之間內(nèi)部短路，隔板損壞或擊穿。

　?、?Internal short circuit between the plates, damage or breakdown of the partition.

　　③電解液中含有雜質(zhì)或雜質(zhì)在蓄電池底堆積過多而接觸極板，引起自行放電。

　?、?Impurities in the electrolyte or excessive accumulation of impurities at the bottom of the battery can contact the electrode plates, causing self discharge.

　　④電解液過多.從蓄電池內(nèi)溢出，積在蓋與接線柱之間，引起自行放電。

　　④ Excessive electrolyte Overflow from the battery and accumulation between the cover and the terminal block, causing self discharge.

　?。?）處理方法。用高率放電計檢查蓄電池每個單格電壓，記住數(shù)值。等幾小時后再進行檢査，電壓有顯著降低，說明自行放電。

　　(3) Handling method. Use a high rate discharge meter to check the voltage of each battery cell and remember the values. Wait for a few hours before conducting the inspection. If there is a significant decrease in voltage, it indicates self discharge.

　?、贆z査蓄電池的導線有無搭鐵、短路處，若有應排除。

　　① Check the wires of the battery for any grounding or short circuits, and eliminate them if necessary.

　?、谟酶呗史烹娪嫏z査蓄電池，開始電壓達到某一數(shù)值，瞬間后迅速下降，嚴重時迅速降為零，這是極板之間短路現(xiàn)象。打開蓄電池蓋，取出極板，抽出隔板，如隔板有穿孔現(xiàn)象， 說明已短路，應更換。

　?、?Use a high rate discharge meter to check the battery. When the initial voltage reaches a certain value, it drops rapidly after an instant, and in severe cases, it quickly drops to zero. This is a short circuit phenomenon between the plates. Open the battery cover, remove the plates, and pull out the partition. If there are perforations in the partition, it indicates a short circuit and should be replaced.

　?、坌铍姵仉娊庖褐腥绾须s質(zhì)，取出部分電解液.便可看到混濁現(xiàn)象。這時應倒出電解 液，加人蒸餾水清洗后，再加人新配制的電解液，并重新充電。

　?、?If there are impurities in the battery electrolyte, remove a portion of the electrolyte You can see the phenomenon of turbidity. At this point, the electrolyte should be poured out, washed with distilled water, and then refilled with newly prepared electrolyte.

　　④如蓄電池電解液過多應減少，蓋與接線柱之間的堆積物應淸除，以免自行放電。

　?、?If there is too much electrolyte in the battery, it should be reduced, and the accumulation between the cover and the terminal should be removed to prevent self discharge.

　　26.蓄電池內(nèi)電解液消耗過快

　　26. The electrolyte in the battery is consumed too quickly

　　(1)故障現(xiàn)象。電解液正常消耗時，只需15?30天(夏天15天左右，冬天1個月)補加一次蒸餾水就行了。如果蒸餾水添加期縮短，需要經(jīng)常補加蒸餾水，說明電解液損耗過快。

　　(1) Fault phenomenon. When the electrolyte is consumed normally, only 15 is needed? Just add distilled water once every 30 days (about 15 days in summer and 1 month in winter). If the addition period of distilled water is shortened and it is necessary to frequently add distilled water, it indicates that the electrolyte loss is too fast.

　　(2)原因分析

　　(2) Cause analysis

　　①充電電流過大，充電時間過長，電能電解電解液中的水產(chǎn)生氫氣和氧氣逸出。過放電也會造成電解液消耗過快。

　?、?The charging current is too high and the charging time is too long, causing hydrogen and oxygen to escape from the electrolyte during the electrolysis of electrical energy. Overdischarge can also cause rapid consumption of electrolyte.

　?、谛铍姵貥O板間隔板損壞、擊穿或極板短路。

　　② Damage, breakdown or short circuit of the battery plate partition.

　?、坌铍姵赝鈿び辛芽p，導致電解液漏出。

　?、?The battery casing has cracks, causing electrolyte leakage.

　　(3)處理方法

　　(3) Handling method

　　①電解液損耗過快的應補加蒸餾水外，對于充電發(fā)電機端電壓過高的，應仔細調(diào)整電壓調(diào)節(jié)器，使充電發(fā)電機輸出電壓保持在規(guī)范內(nèi)。如果長時間多次起動燃氣發(fā)電機組，會造成過放電，使電解液消耗過快。正常情況下應避免多次重復起動。

　　① If the electrolyte loss is too fast, distilled water should be added. If the voltage at the charging generator terminal is too high, the voltage regulator should be carefully adjusted to maintain the output voltage of the charging generator within the specification. If the gas generator set is started multiple times for a long time, it will cause over discharge and consume the electrolyte too quickly. Under normal circumstances, multiple repeated starts should be avoided.

　?、谌魶]有過充電或過放電現(xiàn)象，可分解蓄電池檢査。隔板穿孔短路或極板物質(zhì)脫落過多，堆積在蓄電池殼底部，造成極板短路等，均會造成電解液中的水分蒸發(fā)過快，此時應及時修復，消除短路現(xiàn)象。

　?、?If there is no overcharging or overdischarging phenomenon, the battery can be disassembled for inspection. Perforation and short circuit of the partition or excessive detachment of the electrode material, which accumulates at the bottom of the battery case and causes electrode short circuit, can cause rapid evaporation of water in the electrolyte. At this time, it should be repaired in a timely manner to eliminate the short circuit phenomenon.

　?、廴绻且驗樾铍姵赝鈿て屏?，封口膠干裂等造成電解液外漏，應及時補修，并重新調(diào)整電解液比重。

　　③ If the leakage of electrolyte is caused by the rupture of the battery casing or the drying of the sealing adhesive, it should be repaired in a timely manner and the electrolyte density should be readjusted.

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