Due to the influence of dietary structure, the stock of live pigs in China has reached hundreds of millions, and the breeding volume of cattle, sheep, poultry, and other livestock is also very large. The total discharge of livestock manure is huge.

同時，工業(yè)的不斷發(fā)展，工業(yè)有機廢水排放量也十分驚人。如果再考慮酒糟液、城市垃圾填埋和污水處理產(chǎn)生的沼氣等因素，我國沼氣資源潛力將進一步擴大，沼氣發(fā)電的前景十分開闊。 同時，我國廣大農(nóng)村生物質(zhì)資源非常豐富，解決農(nóng)村電氣化，沼氣發(fā)電是一個很重要的途徑。

At the same time, with the continuous development of industry, the discharge of industrial organic wastewater is also astonishing. If we consider factors such as distiller's grains liquid, biogas generated from urban garbage landfill and sewage treatment, the potential of biogas resources in China will be further expanded, and the prospects for biogas power generation are very broad. At the same time, China's vast rural areas are rich in biomass resources, and solving rural electrification and biogas power generation is a very important way.

但是，大中型沼氣工程與沼氣發(fā)電工程的一次性投資費用都相當(dāng)大，而沼氣工程投資費用是沼氣發(fā)電工程的4倍左右。只有在推廣沼氣工程應(yīng)用的同時，不斷進行研究提高沼池產(chǎn)氣率，并積極推廣應(yīng)用沼氣發(fā)電工程，才能在社會效益盡量保持不變的前提下，使經(jīng)濟效益不斷提高，也才能使整個工程總的一次性投資回報率大大提高。

However, the one-time investment cost of large and medium-sized biogas projects and biogas power generation projects is quite high, and the investment cost of biogas projects is about four times that of biogas power generation projects. Only by continuously researching and improving the biogas production rate while promoting the application of biogas engineering, and actively promoting the application of biogas power generation engineering, can the economic benefits be continuously improved while maintaining the same social benefits as much as possible, and the overall one-time investment return rate of the entire project be greatly improved.

此外，沼氣發(fā)動機發(fā)電與發(fā)動機余熱利用綜合熱效率比任何其他熱動力設(shè)備或裝置的熱效率都高。進行沼氣發(fā)電即使民用，也可以將電通過電纜輸送到每家每戶，提前實現(xiàn)全部家用設(shè)備電氣化，既方便又干凈。用不完的電還可以并入電網(wǎng)中，這是科學(xué)、合理、高效應(yīng)用沼氣能源的途徑。 政策促進產(chǎn)業(yè)發(fā)展 目前，我國沼氣發(fā)電工程數(shù)量較少，裝機規(guī)模較小，發(fā)展速度比較緩慢。原因是多方面的，但主要的原因是現(xiàn)有機制嚴重制約沼氣發(fā)電的發(fā)展。，我國尚未建立嚴格的環(huán)境污染處罰體系，禽畜糞便和工業(yè)有機廢水超標排放的企業(yè)不需要為自身造成的環(huán)境污染等支付相應(yīng)的成本，致使企業(yè)缺乏投資沼氣工程治理污染的積極性；其次，目前沼氣發(fā)電工程建設(shè)規(guī)模一般較小，潛在的電站數(shù)量較大，電網(wǎng)運行管理成本較高，屬于典型的分布式發(fā)電。我國目前尚缺乏大規(guī)模分布式電站運行管理的經(jīng)驗，致使沼氣發(fā)電的并網(wǎng)和售電遇到許多困難。

In addition, the comprehensive thermal efficiency of biogas engine power generation and engine waste heat utilization is higher than that of any other thermal power equipment or device. Even for civilian use, biogas power generation can be transmitted to every household through cables, achieving electrification of all household equipment in advance, which is both convenient and clean. Unused electricity can also be integrated into the power grid, which is a scientific, reasonable, and efficient way to apply biogas energy. At present, the number of biogas power generation projects in China is relatively small, the installed scale is relatively small, and the development speed is relatively slow. The reasons are multifaceted, but the main reason is that the existing mechanisms seriously restrict the development of biogas power generation. Firstly, China has not yet established a strict environmental pollution punishment system, and enterprises that discharge excessive amounts of livestock manure and industrial organic wastewater do not need to pay corresponding costs for environmental pollution caused by themselves, resulting in a lack of enthusiasm for investing in biogas engineering to control pollution; Secondly, currently, the construction scale of biogas power generation projects is generally small, with a large number of potential power stations and high operating and management costs for the power grid, making them typical distributed power generation. At present, China lacks experience in the operation and management of large-scale distributed power plants, resulting in many difficulties in the grid connection and sales of biogas power generation.

沼氣發(fā)電工程是節(jié)能環(huán)保的工程，受益的是全社會，基于目前沼氣發(fā)電工程還存在的問題，因此工程應(yīng)由政府、地方和企業(yè)共同出資建立。對于還處于起步階段的新興環(huán)保項目，國家應(yīng)給予一定支持，如：政府應(yīng)制定一系列的優(yōu)惠政策，減免工程稅費，減輕企業(yè)負擔(dān)；行業(yè)要廣辟資金渠道，幫助建設(shè)方獲得各類貸款；同時加大宣傳力度，鼓勵社會各界以各種形式投資開發(fā)沼氣發(fā)電項目，以優(yōu)惠政策調(diào)動各投資主體的積極性。

The biogas power generation project is an energy-saving and environmentally friendly project that benefits the entire society. Based on the existing problems of biogas power generation projects, the project should be jointly funded and established by the government, local governments, and enterprises. For emerging environmental protection projects that are still in their early stages, the government should provide certain support. For example, the government should formulate a series of preferential policies to reduce project taxes and reduce the burden on enterprises; The industry should broaden its funding channels and help construction companies obtain various types of loans; At the same time, we will increase publicity efforts and encourage all sectors of society to invest and develop biogas power generation projects in various forms, mobilizing the enthusiasm of various investment entities through preferential policies.

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